Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi izigaba ezimbili ze-compressor zifanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwengcindezi ephezulu, futhi isigaba sokuqala sifanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwegesi enkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukucindezela okungaphezu kokubili. Kungani udinga ukucindezela okulinganiselwe?
Lapho ukucindezela kokusebenza kwegesi kuyadingeka ukuba kube phezulu, ukusetshenziswa kokucindezela kwesiteji esisodwa akukona nje umnotho, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho kungenakwenzeka, futhi ukucindezela kwezigaba eziningi kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ukucindezelwa kwezigaba eziningi ukuqala igesi ekuhogeleni, futhi emva kokuqinisa kaningana ukuze kufinyelelwe ingcindezi yokusebenza edingekayo.

1. Gcina ukusetshenziswa kwamandla

Ngokucindezelwa kwezigaba eziningi, i-cooler ingahlelwa phakathi kwezigaba, ukuze igesi ecindezelweyo ibe ngaphansi kokupholisa kwe-isobaric ngemva kokucindezelwa kwesiteji esisodwa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa, bese ingena kusilinda esilandelayo. Izinga lokushisa liyehliswa futhi ukuminyana kuyanda, ukuze kube lula ukuqhubeka nokucindezela, okungasindisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla uma kuqhathaniswa nokucindezelwa kwesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanayo, indawo yokusebenza yokucindezelwa kwezigaba eziningi ingaphansi kwaleyo yokucindezelwa kwesiteji esisodwa. Lapho inani lezigaba likhula, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuyanda futhi kusondele kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwe-isothermal.
Qaphela: I-compressor yomoya ye-screw air compressor ejovwe ngamafutha isondelene kakhulu nenqubo yokushisa engashintshi. Uma uqhubeka nokuminyanisa futhi uqhubeka nokupholisa ngemva kokufinyelela esimweni sokugcwala, amanzi ajiyile azowa. Uma amanzi ajiyile engena ku-oyili-air separator (ithangi lamafutha) kanye nomoya ocindezelweyo, azokwenza emulsify amafutha okupholisa futhi athinte umphumela wokugcoba. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwamanzi ahlanganisiwe, izinga likawoyela lizoqhubeka likhuphuka, futhi ekugcineni amafutha okupholisa azongena ohlelweni kanye nomoya ocindezelwe, angcolise umoya ocindezelwe futhi abangele imiphumela emibi ohlelweni.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvimbele ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi ahlanganisiwe, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lokucindezela alikwazi ukuba liphansi kakhulu futhi kufanele libe phezulu kunokushisa kwe-condensation. Isibonelo, i-compressor yomoya ene-exhaust pressure ye-11 bar (A) inezinga lokushisa elijiyayo elingu-68 °C. Uma izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lokucindezelwa lingaphansi kuka-68 °C, amanzi ajiyile azoncipha. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa lokukhipha i-screw air compressor elijovwe ngamafutha alikwazi ukuba liphansi kakhulu, okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kokucindezela kwe-isothermal ku-screw air compressor ejovwe ngamafutha kunqunyelwe ngenxa yenkinga yamanzi ahlanganisiwe.

2. Thuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwevolumu

Ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu zokukhiqiza, ukufakwa nokusebenza, ivolumu yokukhishwa kusilinda ihlala ingenakugwenywa, futhi ivolumu yokususa ayinciphisi ngokuqondile ivolumu esebenzayo yesilinda, kodwa futhi igesi yokucindezela ephezulu esele kufanele inwetshwe kuze kube yingcindezi yokudonsa. , isilinda singaqala ukuhogela igesi entsha, okulingana nokuqhubeka nokunciphisa umthamo osebenzayo wesilinda.
Akunzima ukuqonda ukuthi uma isilinganiso sokucindezela sikhulu, igesi esele emgqeni wokukhipha izokhula ngokushesha, futhi umthamo osebenzayo we-cylinder uzoba mncane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngisho nangemva kokuba igesi kumthamo wokukhipha inwetshiwe ngokugcwele ku-cylinder, ukucindezela akukabi phansi kunokucindezela kokumunca. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukudonsa nokukhipha akukwazi ukuqhubeka, futhi umthamo osebenzayo wesilinda uba zero. Uma kusetshenziswa ukucindezela kwezigaba eziningi, isilinganiso sokuminyanisa sesiteji ngasinye sincane kakhulu, futhi igesi esele kumthamo wokukhipha iyanda kancane ukuze ifinyelele umfutho wokumunca, okwandisa ngokwemvelo umthamo osebenzayo wesilinda, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe izinga lokusebenzisa umthamo wesilinda.

3. Yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya

Izinga lokushisa legesi yokukhipha i-compressor likhuphuka ngokunyuka kwesilinganiso sokucindezela. Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso sokucindezela, izinga lokushisa legesi ephumayo liphakeme, kodwa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu legesi yokukhipha umoya ngokuvamile alivunyelwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi: ku-compressor egcotshwe ngamafutha, izinga lokushisa lamafutha okugcoba lizonciphisa i-viscosity futhi likhulise ukugqokwa. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, kulula ukwenza amadiphozithi ekhabhoni kusilinda kanye nevalvu, kubhebhethekise ukuguga, ngisho nokuqhuma. Ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, izinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya lilinganiselwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukucindezela kwezigaba eziningi kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya.
Qaphela: Ukucindezela okuhleliwe kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha i-screw air compressor, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenza inqubo yokushisa ye-compressor yomoya ibe seduze nokucindezelwa kwezinga lokushisa okungaguquki ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokonga amandla, kodwa akuphelele. Ikakhulukazi kuma-screw air compressors afakwe uwoyela anomfutho wokukhipha umoya we-13 bar noma ngaphansi, ngenxa yamafutha okupholisa asezingeni eliphansi ajovwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela, inqubo yokucindezela isivele iseduze nenqubo yokushisa engashintshi, futhi asikho isidingo ukucindezela kwesibili. Uma ukucindezelwa okuhleliwe kwenziwa ngesisekelo salokhu kupholisa umjovo kawoyela, isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko zokukhiqiza ziyanda, futhi ukumelana nokugeleza kwegesi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla engeziwe nakho kuyanda, okuwukulahlekelwa kancane. . Ukwengeza, uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ukwakheka kwamanzi ahlanganisiwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kombuso wesistimu, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu.

4. Yehlisa amandla egesi asebenza endongeni yepiston

Ku-compressor ye-piston, lapho isilinganiso sokucindezela siphezulu futhi ukucindezela kwesiteji esisodwa kusetshenziswa, ububanzi besilinda bukhulu, futhi ukucindezela kwegesi okuphezulu okuphezulu kusebenza endaweni enkulu ye-piston, futhi igesi ku-piston inkulu. Uma ukucindezelwa kwezigaba eziningi kwamukelwa, amandla egesi asebenza ku-piston angancishiswa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukwenza umshini ube lula futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
Vele, ukucindezela kwezigaba eziningi akukona okungcono kakhulu. Ngoba inani lezigaba liyanda, isakhiwo se-compressor siyinkimbinkimbi, ukwanda kobukhulu, isisindo kanye nezindleko; ukwanda komzila wegesi, ukwanda kokulahlekelwa kwengcindezi ye-valve yegesi kanye nokuphathwa, njll, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi inani lezigaba, ukwehla komnotho, inani lezigaba. Ngezingxenye ezihambayo ezengeziwe, ithuba lokuhluleka lizokwanda. Ukusebenza kahle kwemishini nakho kuzoncishiswa ngenxa yokwanda kokungqubuzana.